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    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a resettable storey housing system complying with BR15 comprising at least two ISO containers (containers), each defining a longitudinal direction, a width direction, and a height direction, each container comprising a bottom having an outer bottom side and an inner bottom side, a top with an inner top side and an outer top side, two opposing side walls with an outer wall side and an inner wall side, and two end portions, a supporting structure arranged outside the containers comprising a plurality of substantially vertical columns, a plurality of substantially horizontal longitudinal columns. beams connected to one or two of the substantially vertical columns, a number of substantially horizontal transverse supports connected to the substantially horizontal longitudinal beams and / or connected to one or two of the substantially vertical columns, and insulation located between two adjacent sides of the containers, characterized by containers being placed above at least one other container in the same vertical plane is individually / each carried by the support structure and the containers thus substantially do not abut each other and that there are insulation between such containers located above each other.
    公开号:DK201870139A1
    申请号:DKP201870139
    申请日:2018-03-02
    公开日:2018-10-31
    发明作者:Gade Brian
    申请人:Container Living Holding ApS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DENMARK (10)
    DK 2018 70139 A1
    (12)
    PATENT APPLICATION
    Patent and Trademark Office
    Int.CI: E04B 1/343 (2006.01) E04H1 / 02 (2006.01)
    Application Number: PA 2018 70139
    Filing Date: 2018-03-02
    Effective date: 2018-03-02
    Aim. available: 2018-09-07
    Publication date: 2018-10-31
    Priority:
    2017-03-06 DK PA 2017 70158
    Applicant:
    Container Living Holding ApS, Stien 2,7100 Vejle, Denmark
    Inventor:
    Brian Gade, Jørgen Sørensensvej 2, 7100 Vejle, Denmark
    Clerk:
    HOFFMANN DRAGSTED A / S, City Hall Square 161550 Copenhagen V, Denmark
    Title: GENUINE ESTABLISHED FLOOR HOUSING SYSTEM
    Published publications:
    US 3507080 A
    GB 1083552 A
    US 2016312485A1
    US 2006101727A1
    US 2015152634A1
    US 2016160515A1
    US 3423896 A US 3638380 A DE 2719953 A1
    Summary:
    The present invention relates to a resettable floor housing system complying with BR15 comprising at least two IS O containers (containers) each defining a longitudinal direction, a width direction and a height direction, each container comprising a bottom having an outer bottom side and an inner bottom side. , a top having an inner top side and an outer top side, two opposing side walls with an outer wall side and an inner wall side, and two end portions, a supporting structure arranged outside the containers comprising a plurality of substantially vertical columns, a plurality of substantially horizontal longitudinal beams connected to one or two of the substantially vertical columns, a plurality of substantially horizontal transverse supports connected to the substantially horizontal longitudinal beams and / or connected to one or two of the substantially vertical columns, and insulation located between two adjacent sides of the containers, characterized by containers being placed above at least one other container in the same vertical plane is individually / each carried by the support structure and the containers thus do not substantially abut one another, and that there are insulation between such containers located above each other.
    To be continued...
    DK 2018 70139 A1
    DK 2018 70139 A1 i
    RESTORABLE FLOOR HOUSING SYSTEM
    Technical area
    The present invention relates to a rebuildable floor housing system that complies with the applicable building regulations, for example, called BR15.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    Container housing or housing construction based on ISO containers has been known for many years. ISO containers have been tried for home construction because the mass production of the containers makes them a cheap source of protected volume that can be used directly for housing in some places. Furthermore, containers have in their actual scope, ie. freight transport, a limited service life which, however, does not render it useless for other purposes where a protected volume is desired. Furthermore, because of the considerable volume of containers and the limited service life, used containers have been very cheap to buy.
    The containers are thus used for housing in a wide variety of ways throughout the world. In many areas of the world, there is very little or no real government requirement for housing. Thus, the overriding reason for building a specific building with containers is basically either a specific desire for aesthetics and / or functionality, or that the costs of constructing the building must be kept down. This has given rise to a wide range of creative utilization of containers for housing.
    However, there are countries, for example Denmark, where there are strict requirements for housing, where a large number of factors must be taken into account when building. These are factors, such as insulation, fire safety, light incident, accessibility, indoor climate, etc. The Danish requirements for factors are seen in other countries as very specific and are naturally less relevant in other national countries compared to the general building mass of the country in question. For example, countries with excessive heat do not specify insulation to keep warm but to keep cold, and it could be that an specification of requirements for an air conditioning system is
    DK 2018 70139 A1 found more relevant. Similar to this, a country at risk of earthquakes is more focused on specifying security measures for this.
    In Denmark there is a building regulations which at a given time specify precisely the requirements for housing, for example as specified in BR15. These specifications mean that ISO containers cannot be used directly for housing in Denmark.
    In several contexts, the ISO containers are used in temporary contexts where no permanent housing stock is desired. In these contexts, there are usually more lenient requirements for housing. However, this means that such homes, built under a more lenient regime, can only be used for these temporary homes or for homes with a different type of exemption.
    It is the object of the present invention to provide a rebuildable housing system based on ISO containers that is inexpensive to produce and easy to set up and take down.
    Brief Description of the Invention
    The present invention relates to a rebuildable floor housing system complying with BR15, comprising:
    - at least two ISO containers (containers), each defining a longitudinal direction, a width direction and a height direction, each container comprising a bottom having an outer bottom side and an inner bottom side, a top with an inner top side and an outer top side, two opposite ones, side walls with an outer wall side and an inner wall side as well as two end portions,
    - a support structure arranged outside the containers, comprising:
    a number of substantially vertical columns
    - a plurality of substantially horizontal longitudinal beams connected to one or two of the substantially vertical columns,
    - a plurality of substantially horizontal transverse supports connected to the substantially horizontal longitudinal beams and / or connected to one or two of the substantially vertical columns, and
    - insulation located between two adjacent sides of the containers, characterized in that containers placed over at least one other container in the same vertical plane are individually / each carried by the support structure and the containers,
    Thus, there is essentially no contact between one another and that there are insulation between such containers located above each other.
    By using this support structure, for example, it can be achieved that the container itself does not need additional reinforcements to counteract fire effects or counteract bending over the longitudinal direction of the container. In this way, it can be achieved that the building-specific requirements for the total system are met - for example requirements set in, for example, BR15. It can also be achieved that the support structure gives the whole system a total strength, so that breakthrough of walls in the container, for example in connection with windows and doors, can be carried out with greater freedom in relation to location and size.
    In one embodiment, the re-adjustable floor housing system may comprise an insulated cavity between vertically superposed containers.
    A container can itself or together with one or more containers define a dwelling / dwelling unit and thereby also a separate fire cell.
    With the support structure it is achieved so that the resettable housing system can be easily dismantled / dismantled without destroying the individual components. This means that the housing system can be easily, completely or partially moved to a new location if needed. Thus, since the support structure / housing system can be separated without damaging the individual components, these can be used directly when the housing system is re-installed. If two neighboring containers have been cut up so that they fit together like neighboring containers with direct passage, ie to function as one unit, this has to be taken into account, but otherwise the containers need not be located in the same way, in the same location. the system, in a first set-up of the system as in the next set-up of the system. In this way, it is achieved that no unnecessary time is spent on logistics management. The collapsed system further ensures that only common tools need to be used when setting up the housing system, eg cranes, wrenches, typically pneumatic or electrical as well as ordinary hand tools in connection with the plumbing and electrical connection.
    The longitudinal beams may lie in an out-of-plane plane parallel to two opposite outer wall sides.
    DK 2018 70139 A1
    The longitudinal beams may be directly connected to the columns.
    In one embodiment, the housing system may comprise a centrally located longitudinal toilet. In this way, it is achieved that the already open end portions and thus an obvious possibility of light entering are blocked by a toilet area.
    In one embodiment, at least one of the two end portions of the individual container may comprise doors.
    In another embodiment, between two open doors a deck may be stretched out so that the deck and doors define a balcony.
    In a third embodiment, the deck may be attached directly to the doors.
    In a fourth embodiment, the tire may be attached directly to the door hinges of the container. In this way, a simple construction is obtained that uses the already existing one, thereby saving materials and working wages.
    In one embodiment, the at least one door may be opened more than 90 ° from the closed state.
    In another embodiment, the balcony may comprise a guardrail or railing.
    In one embodiment, the transverse supports may be directly connected to the longitudinal beams. In this way, it is achieved that the transverse supports can support the container below the quarter points of the container and thus minimize the bending of the container over the longitudinal direction.
    The transverse supports may be directly connected to the columns.
    In one embodiment, the columns may be located in the outer thirds of the longitudinal direction of the container.
    In another embodiment, the columns may be located in the outer quarter points of the longitudinal direction of the container.
    DK 2018 70139 A1
    In a third embodiment, the columns may be located substantially immediately at the end portions of the container.
    In addition, the system may comprise a diaphragm wall arranged at a distance parallel to the inner wall side of at least one wall.
    The bottom (s) of the system may be arranged at least one meter above ground level. In this way, it is achieved that health-damaging genes from any contaminated ground are eliminated.
    In one embodiment, insert plates may be inserted between the contact surfaces between a container and the support structure. In this way, attenuation of sounds and vibrations that are otherwise transported from the container to the support structure or vice versa is achieved. In another embodiment, the inserts may be made of neoprene or rubber.
    The system may comprise layers of insulation arranged between the longitudinal beams and the transverse supports, respectively. In this way, the insulating layer is substantially horizontally arranged. In this way it is achieved that the containers are fully insulated, without having to do so at the expense of the interior room height.
    The insulation above the top container may be thicker than the insulation between two containers. In this way, a better insulating ability is achieved, which is typically more exposed to wind or weather.
    The insulation above the upper container may include a protective cover, an outer layer of the climate shield, to protect the housing system from water and snow, etc. In this way, it is achieved that insulation and cover layers act as a roof without actually being separated from the container. Overall, the top of the container thus acts as the carrier for the top insulation and cover layer.
    In a further embodiment, the insulation above the upper container may comprise a supporting structure so that the insulation, cover layer and supporting structure can be removed as a roof cassette separately. In this way it is achieved that the roof cassette can be placed individually with a minimum of contact to the container
    DK 2018 70139 A1 or the containers. The roof cassette may include solar panels or solar cells. The cover layer can essentially consist of solar cells.
    The cover layer may have a slope of more than 2.5 °. In this way, a sufficient drainage of the roof is achieved. The cover layer / roofing can be roofing grade BROOF (t2).
    In one embodiment, the profile elements in the form of the columns, transverse supports and longitudinal beams may be bolted together. In this way it is achieved that they can easily be separated and reassembled. Thus, it is achieved that the entire resettable housing system can be used somewhere, for example, for temporary housing, and immediately moved to another location.
    In one embodiment, the support system may be mounted on screw posts. In this way, time and project planning can be saved. The support system may comprise alternating beams at each support point for screw posts. Thus, an alternating beam can be supported by two screw posts, thereby minimizing the load on the individual screw posts. The screw posts supporting an alternating beam may have a distance of 0.5m - 5m or 0.75m - 3.5m or more preferably at Im 2m.
    In one embodiment, the support structure may have 2-8 columns in the longitudinal direction of the container. In this way, load can be distributed in a preferred manner.
    Each column can be supported by a toggle bar and two screw posts. In this way, a simple and inexpensive foundation of the support system is obtained.
    The sides of the individual containers can be insulated from the inside and built up with insulation, vapor barrier and plasterboard. In this way it is achieved that the internal accommodation of the containers can be carried out in the traditional way and thus with the help of traditional tools and ordinary craftsmen. Although the container is preferably made of steel, it is generally not necessary to use forging for the interior housing.
    In one embodiment, the abutment surfaces of the columns may comprise an increased area relative to the remainder of the individual column's cross-sectional area. On this
    It is achieved that the columns can have a smaller foundation, as the increased contact surface distributes the load from the column on the substrate.
    The system may also comprise cover plates on one or more of the horizontal surfaces, i.e. cover plates that protect the insulation, for example, under the bottom of a container that does not have an underlying container. Also, between two containers may be mounted cover plate to protect the insulation.
    The adjacent sidewalls of two adjacent containers may be cut to form a passageway from a first container to a second container. In this way, a larger space is generally obtained, but also a more square space can be obtained, which allows for better and more practical interior decoration. Neighboring side walls may be provided with a tight-fitting lip of, for example, rubber. In this way, a close connection is achieved between the first container and the second container.
    The end portions of the containers may be provided with window or door portions or combinations thereof. These window or door sections can align with the outside of the end portion. Likewise, the window or door portions may have been pulled into the container so that a covered balcony is obtained by virtue of the top of the container.
    In one embodiment, the support structure may be applied, in whole or in part, to fire-retardant paint or similar fire-retardant material. In this way, an extended resistance time is achieved by fire. Thus, rescue crews can reach out and rescue those in need, or those in need can save themselves, as the structure of the apartment building system remains intact long enough for this.
    Nearby containers belonging to each residence / dwelling, ie. each fire cell may include additional fire protection, such as fire spreading protection. The fire spreading protection can also be described as located outside the containers, and therefore the fire spreading protection may also be covered by the support structure. The fire spreading protection may include fire plaster. The fire plaster may be in one or more layers. The fire plaster can have a thickness of 10-20 mm, for example 15 mm. The fire plaster may be located between the containers and thus completely or partially enclose a cavity between two adjacent longitudinal beams and / or transverse supports in the
    DK 2018 70139 A1 support structure. The cavity may be filled with insulation. In an exemplary embodiment, the fire plaster may lie on a portion of the upper surface of two adjacent containers, thus shielding against fire spread to the surrounding containers. In this way, vertical fire spreading is ensured, and requirements for fire stopping in horizontal fire section separation in the floor separation are thus met.
    In one embodiment, the re-adjustable floor housing system, also referred to as residential container construction, can have up to 4 floors, ie. floor on the upper floor is no more than 12m above ground level. Thus, requirements for load-bearing structures will not exceed R 60 A2-sl, dO. With a floor-dwelling system of up to 4 floors, the floor of the upper residential container is maximum. 9.6 m above ground, allowing for rescue via hand ladders.
    Insulation material can be used with the restrictions that apply to all other materials in the specific context, including fire section separations as building part class El 60 D-s2, d2 made with cladding class K2 60 A2-sl, dO. Legislation in this area, ie. Building Regulations 2015, the Transport & Construction Authority [BR15], are thus complied with. This also applies to supplementary texts such as Example Collection on Fire Protection of Construction 2012, 2nd revised edition, the Danish Transport & Construction Agency [EBB12.2] and Information on fire technical dimensioning, the Danish Enterprise and Construction Agency (the Energy Agency) [Information].
    The re-adjustable floor housing system is covered by the general fire requirements for construction in Denmark. Housing construction can be assigned to use category 4. In this patent application, the starting point is that the instructions in EBB 12.2 are followed.
    The embodiments also contain general requirements which are considered to be met.
    In one embodiment, all homes include access to escape routes stairs.
    In another embodiment, access can be done via a patio entrance, and in some situations it can be accepted that only one staircase on the upper floor can be accessed a maximum of 9.6 m above ground level. Front access can be carried out with load bearing
    DK 2018 70139 A1 constructions designed as class R 60 A2-sl, dO when serving more than one fire cell. In one embodiment, the re-adjustable floor housing system may comprise an open staircase located between dwelling units, each consisting of one or more containers. An open staircase can be considered a security staircase if separate walls against dwellings are made as fire section walls.
    In one embodiment, the re-adjustable floor housing system comprises fire engineering installations in the form of smoke alarms connected to a 230 V power supply, with battery back-up. Smoke alarm systems must be designed in accordance with DS / EN 14604 and comply with DVN 4540 or 4541 for smoke detectors and optical detectors, respectively.
    In one embodiment, the individual dwelling can be designed as an independent fire cell, with separate building components as at least class EI60. In one embodiment, the re-adjustable floor housing system comprises horizontal fire section separations, and all vertical apartment divisions are performed as at least building elements class El 60. The starting point for the fire protection is that the individual dwelling constitutes its own fire cell with horizontal floor separation as a fire section separating building part.
    Thus, in one embodiment, the individual dwelling / dwelling unit comprises fire protection by internally mounting 2 layers of 15 mm fire drywall on interior walls and ceilings. This in itself constitutes a 60 minute fire protection system K2 60 A2sl, dO. Alternatively, 45 mm insulation can be made with steel skeleton, retained with steel profiles with a layer of 15 mm gypsum board, cladding class 10 B-sl, dO, which is considered to achieve the same protection of container structures as a 60 minute fire protection system at 2 layers 15 mm fire gypsum board.
    The horizontal insulation in the floor separation can be carried out with insulation materials of at least class B-sl, dO, and is secured against vertical fire spread in apartment boundary by the establishment of a fire stop in the form of 2 layers 15 mm fire-gypsum board, cf. 1. This ensures that any flue gases that inadvertently escape into the cavities between dwellings are not dispersed to another fire section.
    In one embodiment, all installations can be done internally in the dwellings, and the risk of flue gases in voids between dwellings is considered to be very small. The fire stop can be performed as an extra fuse as it will be very difficult to provide extinguishing efforts in any cavities. It is therefore
    DK 2018 70139 A1 is important to safeguard particularly against vertical fire spread, where there is a risk that a chimney effect may occur. Insulation material between the dwellings / housing units is desired to be made as Kooltherm K12 insulation plate from Kingspan. Kingspan is a rigid thermoset insulation material with low thermal conductivity. The insulation board consists of an insulation core coated with a composite film on both sides. The entire building section has been tested and classified as material class B-sl, dO according to EN 13501-1 / EN 15715, while the insulation material itself has been tested and classified as material class C-sl, dO.
    The wall structure of the dwelling is shown in Fig. 6, where the Kooltherm K12 insulation plate is used between 2 layers of non-combustible insulating material, or a minimum 30 mm A-Platebatt 10 (see Appendix B) with fire class Al (according to EN 13501-1) against container wall and against housing covered by an non-combustible insulation such as at least 45 mm plate batts on the steel skeleton lined with at least 1 layer of 15 mm gypsum plaster. As described in the description of the attic, this is considered to be a fire protection equivalent to a 60 minute fire.
    When building homes / containers, voids will form between the dwellings, but the voids are without fire load. In addition, vertical spreading is ensured by the introduction of a fire stop, cf. 5 if flammable flue gases could come from accidental openings in the structures. The solution with internal fire protection in the home by cladding and / or insulation with steel skeleton, the answers to a 60 minute fire protection system on both walls and ceilings, supplemented with fire protection of the floor separation by establishing fire stops as at least 2 layers 15 mm fire drywall, is considered an acceptable security against fire spread between homes, including protection against vertical fire contamination between floors.
    Exterior walls will be exterior sides of containers, including exterior sides of balconies. Container walls are made of non-combustible materials class Al. As a starting point, container walls with ventilated cavity are made, with underlying insulation material class A1 as at least 10 mm A-plate batts. For balconies and other smaller areas, it will be possible to use exterior moldings in material class D-s2, d2 on smaller lots, if it is
    DK 2018 70139 A1 total proportion of the facade cladding is less than 20%, and the extent is evenly distributed on the facade.
    Load structures and also know the support structure in buildings with more than one floor, where the floor on the upper floor is a maximum of 12 m above ground, must be designed as R 60 A2-sl, dO.
    The support structure, and thus the supporting structure of the present re-adjustable floor housing system, can be designed as a steel frame structure. Basically, the housing system can be compared to a shelving system, where the housing container fills a shelf in the shelving system. As previously mentioned, requirements for load-bearing structures will thus be fully or partially met by fire protection of the shelving system.
    As the support structure is partially placed between the containers, it is thus considered to be protected against fire effects, as the homes are internally protected with a 60 minute fire protection system. To protect against any unintentional flue gas emissions to cavities, the load-bearing structure is fireproofed to R 30 A2-sl, dO. This is considered to meet the requirement for securing load-bearing structures in total to at least R 60 A2-sl, dO in case of fire in a dwelling.
    A dwelling / apartment / apartment is arranged as one fire cell. Furthermore, if the total re-erected floor housing system exceeds 600 m2, it may include horizontal fire section separation between floors.
    In one embodiment, the housing system may comprise patio entrances serving multiple dwellings. These can be carried out with load-bearing structures such as at least class R 60 A2-S1, dO.
    In one embodiment, the re-adjustable floor housing system can be defined as modular construction, and thus it can be carried out with varying number of floors as well as varying number of dwellings per unit. floor. The individual dwelling / dwelling unit can be made with all internal installations within its own framework, ie. original container walls. The overall supply to the individual dwelling is via vertical installation shaft. The installation shaft must be made as an independent fire section, and ducts must be fire-proofed in accordance with DBI guidance 31, including fire cuffs for plastic drain pipes. The individual
    DK 2018 70139 A1 housing is therefore carried out with independent installations, ie. no installations are kept between the containers / dwellings.
    Brief description of the drawings
    The drawings serve merely as an explanation of the present invention and are in no way to be construed as limiting the description of the present invention. Furthermore, the shapes and sizes of the drawings of various parts are schematic and intended to provide a better understanding of the invention and thus should not be used to specifically limit the shapes and sizes of different parts of this application. Those of skill in the art will be able to select the possible shapes and sizes to implement the invention under the guidance of this application.
    FIG. 1 schematically shows the main components of a resettable housing system according to the invention,
    FIG. 1A shows FIG. 1 in exploded view,
    FIG. 2 shows a facade page on a resettable housing system according to the invention,
    FIG. 3A shows a cross section of the housing system shown in FIG. 1
    FIG. 3B shows a cross section of the housing system shown in FIG. 3A arranged perpendicular to the cross-section seen in FIG. 3A,
    FIG. 4 shows a horizontal section of a housing system with four containers and an intermediate part,
    FIG. Figure 5 shows a vertical section showing partly four containers with each housing unit, ie both a vertical and a horizontal apartment boundary,
    FIG. 6 is a sectional view of an insulated outer corner of a container; and
    FIG. 7 is a sectional view of an insulated corner of a container.
    DK 2018 70139 A1
    Detailed description of the invention
    With reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention will be described in more detail below.
    FIG. 1, FIG. 1A and FIG. 2 shows a re-adjustable floor housing system 1 comprising at least two ISO containers (also just called containers) 2, each defining a longitudinal direction L, a width direction B and a height direction H. The elevation direction H further defines a vertical direction perpendicular to the horizontal. direction substantially parallel to the latitude. Furthermore, the system comprises a support structure 20 arranged outside of the containers, the support structure 20 comprising substantially horizontal transverse supports 21, substantially horizontal longitudinal beams 22 and substantially vertical columns 23. The longitudinal beams 22 and horizontal transverse supports 21 are bolted. to the vertical columns 23.
    It will be seen that two containers 2 (e.g., 2.1 and 2.2) located in the same vertical plane parallel to the width direction B and individually (each) are supported by the support structure 20, so that two containers 2 do not substantially abut each other. This also applies if there are more than two containers over one another, for example up to eight containers. Thus, all layers or floors of containers abut the transverse supports of the support structure 20.
    Each container 2 comprises a bottom 3 with an outer bottom 4 and an inner bottom 5, a top 6 with an inner top 7 and an outer top 8, two opposing side walls 9,10, each with an outer wall 11 and an inner wall 12. , as well as two end portions 13 (the individual components are shown on different containers).
    In both Figs. 1, FIG. 1A and FIG. 2, it is seen how end portions 13 abut transverse supports 21. Containers are collectively referred to as reference 2, and in cases where a specification of the individual container is required, it is referred to, for example, 2.1, 2.1 'and 2.2, 2.2', whereby a distinction is made between two neighboring containers, for example, 2.1 and 2.1 ', and two containers which are above each other, for example, 2.1 and 2.2.
    It is seen that two containers 2 located in the same vertical plane (VP), for example container 2.1 and container 2.2, are individually (each) supported by the support structure
    DK 2018 70139 A1
    20, so that the two containers 2 do not substantially touch each other. Between each container 2 and the support structure 20, shock absorbing material can be laid. In this way, noises and vibrations are transferred from the container to the support structure and vice versa.
    In FIG. 1, it is further shown that the resettable floor housing system comprises longitudinal beams lying in planes parallel to, but out of planes parallel to, two opposite outer wall sides of either the same or two or more adjacent containers. In FIG. 2, it will be understood that the tires 42 abut the longitudinal beam (not visible), but that the container does not.
    It is seen that the resettable housing system can be easily dismantled / dismantled without destroying the individual components. This means that the housing system can be easily, completely or partially moved to a new location if needed. Thus, since the housing system can be separated without damaging the individual components, these can be used directly when the housing system is re-installed. If two neighboring containers have been cut to fit one another, this should be taken into account, but otherwise the containers need not be located in the same way, in the same location in the system, in a first set-up of the system as in the next set-up of the system. In this way, it is achieved that no unnecessary time is spent on logistics management and the risk of errors is eliminated. The collapsed system further ensures that only common tools need to be used when setting up the housing system, eg cranes, wrenches, typically pneumatic or electrical as well as ordinary hand tools in connection with the plumbing and electrical connection.
    FIG. 2 shows how containers 2.1, 2.1 ', 2.2, 2.2' are arranged in two groups with an intermediate section 40 between them. In this embodiment, the intermediate section comprises a stair 41 and two decks 42. The two decks 42 in this case abut the longitudinal beams extending in the longitudinal direction (not visible) of the containers. However, the two decks could also abut transverse supports if the two vertical columns 23 'were not present, and thus there were no longitudinal beams between the two groups of containers. The tires 42 may have the same thickness as exists between the outer bottom and inner bottom of the containers, thereby avoiding having to step into the containers. It is seen that under the lower containers there is a ground clearance 45 for terrain. Ground clearance can be more than half a meter and in some cases up to
    DK 2018 70139 A1 five meters. In one embodiment, the clearance may be between one and two meters. Top insulation 38 is visible across both groups of containers, and it can be seen that top insulation 38 extends over the top of two neighboring containers (2.2, 2.2 '). In this way, a possible cold bridge between the two containers is closed from above. Similarly, a bottom insulation (shown in later figure) also extends over two neighboring containers.
    FIG. 3A shows a section of two containers, how insulation 30 is placed between two layers of containers 2.1 and 2.2. In the section shown, the transverse support beams 21 are shown below the end portions and in the third points of the containers. The division of the container length into dl, d2 and d3, respectively, indicates one third of the length of the container. Also shown is how bottom insulation 34 is located on the outside 4 of the bottom 3 of the lower container 2.1 and that top insulation 38 is arranged on the outer top side of the container top 8. It can be seen that the insulation at the top and bottom of the housing system, ie. bottom insulation 34 and top insulation 38, are thicker than the insulation between two superimposed containers 2.1, 2.2. Bottom insulation 34 and top insulation 38 may be 50% or more insulating than the intermediate insulation. Between the outer bottom 4 and the inner bottom 5 the bottom 3 of the container is reinforced with C profiles.
    The top insulation 38 over the top container comprises a protective cover layer 39, i.e. an outer layer of the climate screen to protect the housing system from external influences such as water and snow. The cover layer 39 may consist of traditional roofing materials, e.g., roofing board, sheet metal, brick, composite materials such as wood fiber composites or fiberglass. The cover 39 may have a slope of 2.5 °.
    FIG. 3B shows a cross section of four containers 2. The inner height IH is, for example, 2-3 m, or 2.25-2.75 m, or as in the case shown 2.5 m. It is seen that the side wall 10 comprises an outer side wall. 11 and an inner sidewall 12, where insulation and interior lining, e.g. plaster, OSB or the like, are mounted on the inner sidewall 12. The wall sides are thus insulated from the inside, while the top and bottom of the containers are insulated from the outside. In this way, maximum inside height is achieved in the container.
    FIG. 4 shows, as in FIG. 3B, how a side wall 9 of the individual containers 2 is insulated from the inside and built up with insulation, vapor barrier and interior lining
    DK 2018 70139 A1 eg plasterboard or wood paneling. Likewise, it is shown that two neighboring containers 2 may have removed most of two adjacent sides, thereby providing a more square space. By removing most of one side of a container, a large part of the container's supporting structure is also removed. However, the support structure precisely ensures that the failure of the individual container does not affect either the function of the individual container or the overall strength of the single storey housing system. The support structure thus provides design freedoms for the layout and division of neighboring containers, but also for individual containers, eg for windows and doors. By opening between two neighboring containers, it is further achieved that the building regulations regarding bathroom distances can in practice be fulfilled without having to divide toilet 51 and bath. The distance from an insulated sidewall to an opposite sidewall does not allow the disabled toilet to face a sidewall. This is because insufficient space can be obtained between the toilet and the wall when insulated inside. It is seen that a bath 51 fills the entire container width. Thus, if the containers are not built together two and two (or more), it is only possible to place a bathroom / toilet in one end portion of a container, as it will otherwise be split inappropriately.
    It is further seen that the containers comprise balconies 50. The balconies 50 are mounted directly on the end portions of the containers 13. The balconies can use the doors of the end portions as side pieces. Furthermore, the balconies 50, i.e. the balconies, be mounted directly in the doors or door hinges and in this way hang in the hinges.
    FIG. 5, 6 and 7 show enlarged sections of containers in relation to compliance with fire requirements. The situation in FIG. 5 is not shown in the preceding figures, as this situation is with two neighboring, independent fire cells. FIG. 1-4 thus does not show this situation, as Figs. 1 shows only a schematic view without lateral dwelling units, and the dwelling units in FIG. 2-4 is divided by intermediate area 40 (see Fig. 4) which prevents fire spread.
    FIG. 5 shows a section between four fire cells / housing units BOI, BO2, BO3 and BO4. The housing units can consist of several containers. Thus, a section of the bottom of BO1 and BO2 is shown, while the top of BO3 and BO4 are shown. It is thus the existing bottom structure 3 of the container, and in this partial section, the outer surface 11 of the existing container is also shown. Horizontally arranged is seen
    DK 2018 70139 A1 insulation 30 between two overlying containers, eg BO1 and BO3. The insulation thus lies between the upper side 8 of the lower containers BO3 and BO4 and the underside of the upper containers BO1 and BO2. Between the longitudinal beams 22 is a partially open cavity 51. The cavity is filled with insulation. On one side 51 of the cavity, there is shielded with fire plaster 50. The fire plaster could also be another fire-retardant material. The fire plaster 50 prevents vertical fire spread from the containers, i.e. from housing units BO3 and BO4 to the overlying housing units BO1 and BO2. It will be seen that the interior wall 12 of the housing units is both insulated with insulating material and furthermore covered with plaster or other wall covering (see Figs. 6 and 7 regarding insulation 79 and plates 78).
    FIG. 6 shows a housing unit wall structure, where the Kooltherm K12 insulation plate from Kingspan is used between 2 layers of non-combustible insulating material, respectively plate 75, 79, and at least 30 mm A plate plate with fire class A1 (according to EN 13501-1) against container wall. Furthermore, it is seen that on the residential side BO is covered with non-combustible insulation such as at least 45 mm plate batts on the steel skeleton covered with at least 1 layer of 15 mm fire-gypsum cladding. In this way, a fire protection is obtained, which corresponds to a 60-minute fire.
    When building homes / containers, voids will form between the dwellings, but the voids are without fire load. Furthermore, vertical spreading is ensured by the introduction of a fire stop (see Fig. 5), should flammable flue gases from accidental openings in the structures should be expected. The solution with interior fire protection in the home by cladding and / or insulation with steel skeleton, the answers to a 60 minute fire protection system on both walls and ceilings, supplemented with fire protection of the floor separation by establishing a fire stop as at least 2 layers 15mm fire plasterboard, is considered an acceptable protection against fire spread between homes, including protection against vertical fire contamination between floors.
    FIG. 7 shows the structure of the sides of a container 2. The figure is thus a horizontal section through a corner of a container. It should be understood that this is only a small section and that the technical features are essentially the same as the entire container. It will be seen that there are ventilated cavities 70 formed by parts of the original structure of the container, including at the original / existing exterior of the container 71. When mounting windows 77,
    DK 2018 70139 A1 the container and thus the entire re-adjustable floor housing system 1 comprise a joint strip 72. Between the window portion 77 and the outside of the container is a joint 73 and there is also a climate shield with, for example, a casing 74 of, for example, aluminum. Against the inside of the container is a wall of rigid plate bats 75, for example 5 made of stone wool such as Rockwool A plate bats 10-30mm. Furthermore, a rigid insulation 76, for example known under the Koolthem brand from Kingspan, is seen. Traditionally, two layers of plaster or the like have been used against the interior of the container as inner wall 78. Immediately behind the inner wall 78 is seen a layer of sheet metal 79.
    It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments shown are shown as schematic examples.
    DK 2018 70139 A1
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    claims
    1. Rebuildable floor housing system complying with the applicable building regulations (eg BR15), which includes:
    - at least two ISO containers (containers), each defining a longitudinal direction, a width direction and a height direction, each container comprising a bottom having an outer bottom side and an inner bottom side, a top with an inner top side and an outer top side, two opposite ones, side walls with an outer wall side and an inner wall side as well as two end portions,
    - a support structure arranged outside the containers, comprising:
    - a number of substantially vertical columns,
    - a plurality of substantially horizontal longitudinal beams connected to one or two of the substantially vertical columns,
    - a plurality of substantially horizontal transverse supports connected to the substantially horizontal longitudinal beams and / or connected to one or two of the substantially vertical columns, and
    - insulation located between two adjacent sides of the containers, characterized in that containers placed above at least one other container in the same vertical plane are individually / each carried by the support structure and the containers thus do not substantially abut one another, and that between such located containers are insulated.
    [2]
    A rebuildable floor housing system according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal beams lie in a plane located out of plane parallel to two opposite outer wall sides.
    [3]
    A rebuildable floor housing system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the longitudinal beams are directly connected to the columns.
    [4]
    A rebuildable floor housing system according to claims 1-4, wherein the system comprises layers of insulation arranged between the longitudinal beams and the transverse supports respectively.
    [5]
    A re-adjustable floor housing system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the insulation above the top container may be thicker than the insulation between two containers.
    DK 2018 70139 A1
    [6]
    A re-adjustable floor housing system according to claims 1-5, wherein the insulation over the upper container comprises a protective covering layer, an outer layer of the climate shield, for protecting the housing system against water and snow and the like.
    5
    [7]
    A reusable floor housing system according to claims 1-6, wherein the cover layer may have a slope of 2.5 °.
    [8]
    8. Removable floor housing system according to claims 1-7, wherein the sides of the individual containers are insulated from the inside and built up with insulation, vapor barrier and e.g.
    10 plasterboard, OSB or Fermacell.
    [9]
    A reusable floor housing system according to claims 1-8, wherein the adjacent side walls of two adjacent containers may be cut so as to form a passage from a first container to a second container.
    [10]
    A reusable floor housing system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the end portions of the containers are provided with window or door portions or combinations thereof.
    DK 2018 70139 A1
    1.9

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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    2018-10-31| PAT| Application published|Effective date: 20180907 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DKPA201770158|2017-03-06|
    DKPA201770158|2017-03-06|SE1800062A| SE1800062A1|2018-03-02|2018-03-21|Genopstilleligt etageboligsystem|
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